Human Menopausal Gonadotropin (HMG), a peptide hormone, is a complex bioactive compound derived from the urine of post-menopausal women. It primarily comprises Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), and a small concentration of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH).
HMG plays an instrumental role in the regulation of the reproductive system. The FSH component of HMG interacts with specific receptors on the granulosa cells of the ovarian follicles, stimulating their development and maturation. Concurrently, the LH component of HMG stimulates ovulation via interaction with LH receptors, making it a crucial player in female fertility.
In males, HMG promotes spermatogenesis through its interaction with LH receptors on Leydig cells and FSH receptors on Sertoli cells. Thus, it has potential therapeutic applications in treating male infertility.
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[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pmc/articles/PMC5601935/
[2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pmc/articles/PMC4708300/
[3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pmc/articles/PMC5906949/
[4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9651906/
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